Premchand was born in a village named Lamhi in the town Varanasi in North India . After his schooling he completed his graduation after a lot of trials and tribulations. He started writing at the age of 21. Initially he started writing in Urdu under the pen name Nawab Rai.In 1910 he published his Urdu stories in a collection ‘Sozewatan’. This collection of his was seized by the British government.
His life took a new turn from there. He switched over to Hindi and started writing under the name Premchand.The name got immortalized in Hindi writings.
In 1920 he gave up his government job. This was the time when the Non-cooperation movement was started against the British colonial rule. This had a deep impact on Premchand’s writings.
He established the Saraswati Press. In 1930 he started editing the Hans magazine.
He wrote about three hundred stories. He wrote many novels and thought provoking essays.Godan, Gaban, Rangbhumi, Nirmala are some of his famous novels.
As opposed to tenderness and emotion aplenty in the contemporary Bengali literature, his writings leaned towards stark social realism.
His major works have dealt with social issues such as poverty, zamindar exploitation, dowry system, educational reform and political oppresion.He also focused on the economic liberalization of the peasantry, with the commercialization of Indian agriculture. He was opposed to rapid industrialsation which he felt would hurt the interest of the workers.
Munshi Premchand is considered Hindi literature’s world famous writer. His stories are simple, interesting with moral lessons. With his colloquial and idiomatic language he makes a deep impact on the mind of the reader. His writings entertain as well as educate the readers into becoming humble, honest and responsible towards society. Viewed from this angle his angle his writings are very useful.
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